TwFs for Communication

There are many reasons, here are some of them.

1. Get your messages heard and acted on.
2. Express who you are; have a voice you feel good about.
3. Respond to incoming messages in the best ways possible.
4. Avoid being misled, tricked, or conned by false information.

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Speak from your heart; be open and honest.

There are no right or wrong answers. Here are some examples that sound like real people:

• I want to be able to create simple and effective messages because I like getting good results.
• I want to communicate clearly with my family because misunderstandings cause stress we don’t need.
• I want to feel confident speaking up in groups because my ideas deserve to be heard.
• I want to express myself without freezing up because I don’t want fear to run my life.
• I want to listen better when others talk because I care about what they’re trying to tell me.
• I want to communicate well at work because good communication leads to better teamwork and opportunities.
• I want to understand what people really mean because guessing wrong causes problems.

Be honest about what you truly want — that honesty makes your growth stronger.

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Communication is the process of sending and receiving messages.

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A message is what the sender wishes the receiver to understand. It includes ideas, information, feelings, intentions, or requests.

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1. The two main roles are sender and receiver.
2. The sender’s job is to clearly encode their intended meaning in a form the receiver can easily understand.
3. The receiver’s job is to decode the message and respond in the best way.

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A channel is the path a message travels from sender to receiver.

It can be: - Physical (air for spoken words, paper for writing) - Technological (text messages, email, social media) - Nonverbal pathways (facial expressions, gestures)

The key idea: The channel is how the message gets there.

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A sender constructs a message using codes and channels the receiver can understand. Common resources include:

• Words and language
• Symbols and visual cues
• Tone of voice and vocal features (pitch, pace, volume)
• Body language (posture, gestures, eye contact, facial expression)
• Medium-specific elements (images, diagrams, emojis, formatting)

Essence → The sender chooses forms of expression that fit the receiver and support the sender’s intended meaning and purposes.

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The sender’s job is to:

• Decide the meaning they want the receiver to understand.
• Clarify the purpose(s) of the message (inform, request, persuade, connect).
• Craft the message so the intended meaning and purposes are easy for the receiver to understand.
• Choose words, symbols, tone, and nonverbal cues that support clarity and accuracy.

Essence → Create a message that the receiver can accurately decode and respond to in the best way.

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The receiver’s job is to:

• Accurately decode the sender’s intended meaning.
• Infer the sender’s purpose(s) (inform, request, persuade, connect).
• Respond in the best way, supporting mutual understanding and shared goals.
• Use active listening and clarifying questions when unsure of the meaning.

Essence → Understand what the sender means and wants — and respond in a way that moves the communication forward effectively.

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Definitions:

Cognitive content → the factual or conceptual meaning (what the message is about) Affective content → the emotional and motivational tone (how the message feels)

Simple: Cognitive tells what. Affective signals how to feel and how the relationship stands.

Examples: - “The meeting is at 3pm.” → mostly cognitive - “I really appreciate your help!” → mostly affective - “We need that report ASAP!” → both (information + urgency/pressure)

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Success criteria are a set of measurable indicators that define what high-quality (desirable) results look like.

Examples: - Party → {everyone has fun, great food, good attendance} - Novel → {readers love it, captivating plot, interesting characters, meaningful insights} - New Car → {good price, love it, safe, good mileage, reliable}

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Sender role (essence) → {receiver understands intended meaning, high likelihood of intended response}

Sender role (empowering fundamentals) → {accurate, clear, concise, complete, logical, persuasive, audience-appropriate, engaging, action-oriented}

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Receiver role (essence) → {accurately understand intended meaning, respond in the best way}

Receiver role (empowering fundamentals) → {active processing, skilled decoding, clarifying questions, paraphrasing}

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Paraphrasing is a listening skill where the receiver restates the sender’s message in their own words to check that they’ve understood the intended meaning.

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Conclusion: No.

Reasoning:

1. Definitions:

   • Predisposition: A tendency to act in a certain way.
   • Bias: A predisposition that results in unfairness, distortion, or systematic error.
   • Warranted: Justified with good reasons or evidence.

2. Bias is typically a warrantless or unjustified predisposition — something that distorts thinking, judgment, or decision-making.

3. If a predisposition is based on solid evidence, reasoning, or experience, it’s better described as a justified belief.

4. A justified belief is valuable. Example: A doctor is predisposed to test for malaria in patients returning from sub-Saharan Africa because malaria is common there. This isn’t a bias — it’s a justified belief.

5. Summary: A warranted predisposition is not a bias. Bias implies error or unfairness. A justified predisposition is generally a strength — an efficient guide to action based on evidence.

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