Distinguish cognitive content from affective content in a
message.
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Definitions:
Cognitive content → the factual or conceptual meaning (what the
message is about) Affective content → the emotional and motivational
tone (how the message feels)
Simple: Cognitive tells what. Affective signals how to feel and how
the relationship stands.
Examples: - “The meeting is at 3pm.” → mostly cognitive - “I really
appreciate your help!” → mostly affective - “We need that report ASAP!”
→ both (information + urgency/pressure)